Diseño de un sistema de tratamiento de las aguas residuales de la cabecera parroquial de San Luis - Provincia de Chimborazo

Abstract

A Wastewater Treatment Plant was designed for the San Luis Parish Headwaters, province of Chimborazo, starting with the measurement of the flow rates of Discharge No. 1 through the experimental method using gloves, flexometer, plastic bucket and stopwatch; and then the physical, chemical and microbiological characterization of wastewater samples taken in situ through the analysis method, using 1L plastic containers and 150 mL sterile flasks. Based on the descriptive method, a treatment plant was proposed using the EXCEL program, the AUTO CAD design program and the CIVIL CAD application. The results of the flow measurement indicate that there is no variation of flow throughout the day with an average flow value of 6.9 L/s for the six days sampled. This showed that the sewage networks are outdated and in need of renovation. The results of the laboratory analyses show that the parameters that are outside the limits of the Unified Text of Secondary Environmental Legislation (TULAS) are: Fecal Coliforms 8x107 CFU/100 mL, Oils and Fats 51.93 mg/L and Biochemical Oxygen Demand 169.33 mg/L. In conclusion, a combined sewerage network was redesigned and a treatment plant was designed with three treatment stages: two conventional treatments and a natural purification treatment; and with an average total efficiency of 83%, effectively complying with environmental regulations. It is recommended that the treated water be reused as irrigation water.