Diseño e implementación de una antena microstrip con control de fase utilizando diodo varactor para aplicaciones de wifi.

Abstract

Through the microstrip technology, a design and implementation of a microstrip antenna with phase control using varactor diode for wifi applications was developed. The design of the reconfigurable antenna was built under the central frequency of 2.4 Ghz, being able to modify parameters such as bandwidth, gain, and frequency, by inducing voltage to the varactor diode that constitutes part of the antenna and takes advantage of the constructive techniques in order to improve the parameters before variations of the applied tension. In the construction a BIAS TEE device was used to establish polarization points, allowing the passage of frequency and voltage in direct channeling to the antenna as well as maintaining a high isolation as protection of the signal generator avoiding affecting the electromagnetic properties of the signal. The varactor diode performs the phase shift modifications of the signal, obtaining a phase control by varying the voltage in the antenna, demonstrating it with the results in the simulation and the laboratory tests. Once determined the radiation angles for the different configurations, as well as the changes of voltages, the variations of the gain that improved in the different frequencies in the range of 2.370 GHz to 2.373 GHz were obtained. It is concluded that it is applicable to short range wifi systems, since the radiation lobe can be addressed in different areas. A study of the varactor diode in antenna designs is recommended to improve parameters and phase changes.