Diseño de una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales para el barrio en El Carmen en el cantón Chambo.

Abstract

A Treatment Plant for Residual waters for El Carmen Neighborhood, Chambo canton, Chimborazo province was designed; the volume sampling and measurement in the discharge zone were carried out through simple materials; later, the physical, chemical and microbiological characterization of the samples taken in situ was carried out. The characterization results of the residual waters determined that the parameters DBO5 441 mg/L, DQO 590 mg/L, 1 tensoactive mg/L and fecal coliform 13066 CFU/100 ml are out of the permissible limits according to the environmental quality Norm Water Resource of TULSMA, Book VI, Annex I, Table 9 discharge limits to water volume. Based on these results treatability in the lab were carried out to determine the most adequate operations for the residual water treatment. Dimensioning calculi of a residual water treatment plant were conducted, based on the results of the treatability tests and a projection for 15 years with a future population of 1969 people and with a volume to be treated of 14.56 L/s, which consists of the following operations: pretreatment with handy cleaning grills, primary treatment through a de-sanding device to remove smallest sediment solids, primary treatment with an Imhoff tank, tertiary treatment with an ascending anaerobic flow filter for the removal of suspension solids DBO and DQO which were not removed in previous operations whose conjunct operation will be 95.38 %. The process will guarantee obtaining better quality water accomplishing the norm and mitigating the Rio Chambo contamination. The Autonomous Decentralized Municipal Government of the Chambo canton is recommended to apply this study to mitigate the environmental impact generated by the residual water contamination discharged directly from the Rio Chambo.