Diseño e implementación de un sistema de lazo cerrado para el control del proceso de destilación de alcohol fermentado en la Facultad de Ciencias de la ESPOCH.

Abstract

There was realized the design and implementation of a system of bond for the control of the process of distillation of alcohol fermented in the faculty of sciences of the higher institute of learning of Chimborazo. To the beginning there were realized tests of functioning of equipment operation of distillation of alcohol to identify the causes of its inefficiency, the most notable being: possible human errors during manual operation of the equipment, excessive consumption of resources and a final product with low alcohol concentration. For the automation of equipment replaced the elements manuals by sensors and actuators suitable for the process, incorporating a programmable logic controller (PLC), expansion modules of digital inputs and outputs and modules of temperature sensors to stabilize the temperature in the boiling point of ethanol by a closed-loop control uses the local area network (LAN) of the laboratory of industrial processes to establish communication with the software of interface human-machine (HMI) installed on the computer of the laboratory. This software is developed in Labview using the module datalogging and supervisor control (DSC), which provides support to communicate with all PLCs exist. In addition the field network is implemented modbus TCP (control and transmission protocol) using commands of solicit-response the central control request the data that interest be controlled and monitored by the operator of distillation equipment. Once implemented the control system test are performed to rule out potential failures, making this a strong team to the operating environment. As a result of automation allows to reduce the consumption of resources until a 97.6% also increasing the quality of the product ending in a 8.75%, it is concluded that to perform the automation of equipment there is an increase in the productivity of the processes of distillation of fermented alcohol. It is recommended to students of the Faculty of Sciences make use of the manual of operation of the equipment before putting it in operation.