Diseño de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales para el Centro de Faenamiento Municipal del Cantón Guaranda en el año 2015

Abstract

A desing of a wasting water treatment plan was carried out for slaughterhouse of the city of Guaranda in order to reduce contamination of receptor water and give a better sarvice for future population of 34786 inhabitants. Outflow of slaughterhouse was measured by the means of volumetric method, measuring was conducted after each 5 minutes starting at 4:30am and ending at 6:30am, during 6 days from Monday to Saturday. Five samples of wasting water were taken using simple sampling. Characterization is founded on the STANDAR AND METHODS AND HACH book. Same wasting water samples were taken and used different chemicals at five concentrations for pitch test. A small slow filter was made for treatment test considering hypochlorite of calcium and disinfecting wasting water. An identification matrix base don Leopold and Conesa Fernández methodology. Engineering calculations and designing criteria were used for sizing. The result are in average 118.72 L/min. Characterization results are in average: total nitrogen 40.2 mg/L, cobalt 1.67 mg/L, cyanide 0.22 mg/L, barium 3.90 mg/L, biochemical demand of oxygen 4596 mg/L, chemycal demand of oxygen 9395 mg/L and fecal coliforms 52 NMP/100 ml that are over the allowed limits of TULSMA, Book VI, Chart 12, Annex 1. Finally the treatment plant formed by: channel for reaching and grate, high rate sedimentation, quick mixture tank, two slow filters, and a desinfection tank is sized. It is concluded that real performance of removal for treatment plant is 98.6% of DBO 5 , DQO is 98.6%, 99% is total suspended solids, and 100% of total coliforms. It is recommend to improve efficiency of wasting recollection generated by municipal slaughterhouse of Guaranda such as: blood, rumen, droppings, fat, bone fragments for reusing through appropriate procedure.