Evaluación de la actividad insecticida y/o repelente "in vivo" del extracto acuoso de Artemisia absinthium y aceites esenciales de Tagetes minuta y Tagetes zipaquirensis sobre Lasius niger

Abstract

The evaluation of the insecticidal and/or repellent activity "in vivo" of aqueous extract of Artemisia absinthium and essential oils of Tagetes minuta and Tagetes zipaquirensis on Lasius niger was carried out in the laboratories of the Faculty of Sciences of ESPOCH. The research was carried out using the experimental methodology with live individuals, so the data was handled with the probit technique. The essential oils were obtained by steam dragging using 1kg of vegetable per 2L of water and for the extract 1g of vegetable per 1.6L of alcohol, also aqueous solutions of essential oil of Tagetes minuta and Tagetes zipaquirensis were prepared at concentrations of 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1 and 1.5% to spray the ants during the hours of greater mobility outside the nest (7 to 8:30am) for 5 consecutive days. Each of the named concentrations were sprayed in segments of the identified and delimited route of 1m/10s which produced an erratic behavior in the ants present and at the 1% concentration of Tagetes minuta and Tagetes zipaquirensis produced death in 63 and 75.4% respectively, while the extract of Artemisia absinthium did not present any activity. To check the penetration of the essential oil in the ants a methanolic extract was prepared with the dead ants which was applied on a Silica gel plate to run it with Toluene-Ethyl acetate 97:3 observing the Rf #10 of T. minuta oil disappears and appears in Rf #11 of the respective extract as well as for Rf #6 and 10 of T. zipaquirensis oil that appear in Rf #7 and 11 of the corresponding extract. Therefore, I recommend the analysis and identification of the metabolites of the Rf that disappear in the essential oils and reappear in the methanolic extract.