Caracterización de residuos sólidos domiciliarios, para generar alternativas de aprovechamiento de la materia orgánica en la parroquia la belleza, provincia de Orellana

Abstract

The La Belleza parish head was diagnosed that it does not have an adequate management of Household Solid Waste (HSW), due to not contributing regular hours for collection and these problems are causing negatively effects on the environment through activities such as incineration of their waste and the accumulation of waste in vacant lots. Therefore, the main objective of this Curricular Integration Work was to seek alternatives for the use of organic matter through the characterization of solid waste. The methodology was based on collection of statistical data regarding the current population, having to perform some technical sheets based on information on inhabited and uninhabited houses where a non-probability sampling was applied. This research was used to characterize solid waste in 36 houses, which corresponds to 143 inhabitants, using the discretionary method in our study area. Once this stage was completed, the per capita production (PPC) was calculated to be 0.2748 kg/hab/day for each family, then continuing with the classification of waste where the quartering method was used for quadrant B and C during the 7 days; a total value of 315.50 kg of organic and inorganic waste was obtained. It was concluded that organic matter has the highest amount of 162,750 kg, which was designed a dynamic system of six compost piles to elaborate an organic fertilizer with their respective witnesses and treatments; having to add Mountain Microorganisms (MM) to accelerate the process of final composting short times (11 weeks), where it has been reduced to 49,100 kg, being beneficial to agriculture in an economic and socio-environmental way.