Diseño y construcción de un deflector rompevientos para implementar en un camión Mercedes-Benz modelo Atego 1725 para el análisis de consumo de combustible

Abstract

The purpose of this technical project was to optimize the fuel consumption of a Mercedes- Benz van-type truck, model Atego 1725-54, by directing the air impacting the vehicle. The method used was the implementation of a wind deflector on the upper part of the cabin. The first step for the deflector manufacturing was its design in the Solidworks program. The next step was to perform the simulation with the Fluid tool of the Solidworks program. Where external factors of the environment where the deflector will work, such as temperature, wind speed, atmospheric pressure, etc., were simulated. Finally, the characteristics of the material used were analyzed, which was Fiberglass E-Glass. To determine whether or not the implementation of the deflector affected fuel consumption in the truck, road tests were conducted with and without the deflector. The route chosen was the Panamerica Sur avenue, the starting point was the Amazonas gas station in Machachi city, and the arrival point was Las Flores gas station in Ambato city. The simulations showed the presence of vortices and lower air pressure in the deflector than it supports. In road tests, fuel consumption was reduced by 12%, which represents one gallon per 100 km with the deflector installed. It concluded that the deflector will support the effort of the pressure produced by the air, fuel consumption is related to the presence of vortices. It is recommended in forwarding studies, to analyze other fibers for its construction, to implement deflectors in the lateral parts of the cabin, in the routes. There are several options due to the geographical location of the country that has different types of climate.