Influencia de la carga e índice glicémico en los niveles de hemoglobina glicosilada en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo dos atendidos en el Dispensario CAPIG.

Abstract

The objective was to determine the influence of the load and the glycemic index on the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin A 1c (Hb A 1c) in patients with Diabetes Melitus 2 (DM2) of the study population. The study is of a descriptive cross-sectional nature that includes diabetic patients notified during the period from June to December 2016 in the dispensary of the Chamber of the Small Industry of Guayaquil. The pre-existing database was reviewed, obtaining epidemiological and laboratory variables, such as age, sex and glycosylated hemoglobin value (Hb A 1c); a nutritional assessment was carried out, including the dietary diet analysis with the application of a semiquantitative frecuency questionnaire adaptep to the food culture. It is studied in 50 cases of diabetics with values higher than 7% Hb A 1c. At the moment of analysis of dietary intake, the food group correlated significantly inverse: desserts according to their glycemic load (CG), which allows us to identify that patients include non-caloric sweeteners in their preparations and little presence of ingredients with high glycemia load. Additionally, it is evident that this type of patients have a high prevalence for overweight and obesity with a type Obesity profile that predisposes them to cardiovascular risks. It is concluded that correlation shows the diabetics in the dispensary who have a routine laboratory analysis of Hb A 1c for metabolic control, due to variations in the frecuency of carbohydrate consumption, do not validate the hypothesis. Although alterations persist on Hb A 1c, the need to strengthen adherence is suggested not only to nutritional treatment but also to pharmacological treatment.