Evaluación de la actividad nematicida del hongo Pleurotus ostreatus in vitro en diferentes concentraciones sobre dos especies de nematodos.

Abstract

The purpose of this research was evaluate the nematicidal activity of the Pleurotus ostreatus extract in different concentrations on the Passalurus sp extracted from rabbit manure (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and Meloidogyne sp from the soil of the rhizosphere of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L). The extraction of the Pleurotus ostreatus was done in the Soxhlet team, after the extraction of the nematodes (Passalurus sp- Meloidogyne sp) was developed, through Baermann funnel method and by maceration of the Pleurotus ostreatus mycelium the aqueous extract was obtained, then the population of 30 nematodes of each species was selected for each concentration (12, 25, 50 and 75 μl) of the ethanolic and aqueous extract, during 10, 20, 30 and 60 minutes of exposure. Through Tukey test with significance level (0.05) for highly significant sources of variation for the mortality percentage of the nematodes, were: the ethanolic extract that obtained 99.10% and the aqueous extract 1.40. % death in the two species of nematodes and at the time of exposure reached 51.60% about mortality during the 60 min, in the interactions between the concentration of 75μl of the extracts of P. ostreatus in 60 min, the 54% of mortality and with the ethanolic extract in 60 min of exposure 99.42% of mortality of the two species of nematodes was reached. It was concluded that Pleurotus ostreatus had greater nematicidal activity than ethanolic extract with 99.10% mortality on Passalurus sp and Meloidogyne sp nematodes and in a lower percentage with aqueous extract. It is recommended to develop new investigations with otherspecies of nematodes and with different concentrations of the extract of the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus.