Evaluación de la actividad, antioxidante y antiinflamatoria in vitro de extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas y flores de Tropaeolum majus.

Abstract

The main objective was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro of the hydroalcoholic extracts of leaves and flowers of nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus). Once the leaves and flowers were collected, they were dried and crushed separately. For obtaining the extracts, leaves, and flowers were macerated with 70% v/v ethanol, and finally, they were concentrated in a rotary evaporator under controlled conditions, so subsequently lyophilize the waste, and to obtain the hydroalcoholic extracts. The flavonoids were quantified spectrophotometrically through the Aluminum Trichloride method, obtaining the following results: 16817,714 ± 94,026 mg Eq Q/g of lyophilized extract for leaves and 14418,286 ± 188,051 mg Eq Q/g of lyophilized extract for flowers. The determination of phenols was performed by the Folin-Ciocalteu method showing the results of 11877,778 ± 192,450 mg Eq GAE/g of a lyophilized extract of leaves and 4438,889 ± 96,225 mg Eq GAE/g of a lyophilized extract of flowers. The extracts presented a free radical scavenging capacity at an IC50 of 501,69 μg/ml with a range of 354,55 – 723,87 ug / ml for the leaves and 11119,35 μg/ml with a range between 6985,69 – 18701,46 ug/ml for flowers, both evaluated by the DPPH method. The antiinflammatory activity test was carried out by the in vitro method of isolated neutrophils, by means of the determination of a stable tetrazolium salt (WST-1). The leaves of Tropaeolum majus presented anti-inflammatory activity at an IC 50 of 835,04 ug/ml with a range from 743,97 – 943,01 ug / ml, being more active than the flowers that showed a result of 1763,89 μg/ml with a range between 1436,83 – 2242,68 ug / ml. The concentration of 1000 ppm showed a better percentage of inflammatory inhibition for leaves with 52,98% ± 1.35, while for flowers it was 36,19% ± 2,41. However, these percentages are lower compared to the acetylsalicylic acid used as a reference, which at 200 ppm showed 68,88% ± 3,90. The tests were carried out in triplicate.