Diseño de un sistema de tratamiento de aguas residuales para la parroquia Vinchoa, cantón Guaranda, provincia Bolivar.

Abstract

The present technical project aims the design of a wastewater treatment system for the Vinchoa parish, Guaranda canton Bolívar province, whose design flow is 9,79 L/s, by means of characterizations of wastewater, it determined ,that parameters: Fecal coliforms (11000 mg /L), BOD5 (1860 mg /L), DQO5 (3210 mg /L), Total phosphorus (65,5 mg /L), Total iron (15,4 mg /L), Total manganese (2,60 mg) /L), Kjeldahl Total Nitrogen (200 mg /L), Total Suspended Solids (630 mg/L), Total Solids (2580 mg/L) and Surfactants (1,35 mg/L) do not comply with the provision of Ministerial Agreement No. 097 -A. Table 9. LIMITS OF DISCHARGE TO A SWEETWATER BODY, reform of the TULSMA.Calculating the relationship between Biochemical Demand and Chemical Oxygen Demand the value of the biodegradability index obtained, that is 1,73, which indicates that the organic matter is moderately biodegradable, opting for a physical-chemical treatment due to the results obtained in the laboratory. When carrying out treatability tests, the following chemicals selected: Aluminum Polychloride (PAC-P25A) 2 mL/L, Polyelectrolyte (POLY-A) 0, 25 mL/L and Sodium Hypochlorite 6, 3 mL/L. The ended results after the treatability were: Fecal coliforms 700 NMP / 100 mL, BOD 38 mg/L, COD 139 mg / L, Total phosphorus 5, 1 mg/mL, Total iron 0, 06 mg/mL, Total manganese 0,099 mg/mL, Solids Total Suspended 12 mg/L, and Surfactants 0, 3 mg/L, the same ones which comply with the current regulations to be freely discharged to the water body. In conclusion, the following processes were designed: inlet channel, grids, horizontal flow desander, quick stair type, the sediments of high rate, chlorination tank and drying bed with an average performance of the 86% fulfilling effective way with environmental regulations. The research paper recommends transferring the dehydrated sludges to a sanitary landfill as final disposal.