Rediseño y reconstrucción del sistema de refrigeración de congelación y conservación del laboratorio del área de energía.

Abstract

The main objective of the current technological proposal is the redesign and reconstruction of a refrigeration system for processes of freezing and conservation of equipment belonging to the energy area laboratory. The reference framework is carried out to identify the composition and operation of the refrigeration system components. As first stage, it makes a technical diagnosis to evaluate the initial conditions of the equipment, and then redesign the refrigeration system considering bottled water as the thermal load, after the system data acquisition and electric system. For the reconstruction stage, the system is dismantled to remove almost all the components, and reconstruct the refrigeration chamber, and the suction and liquid lines; as well as the electrical panel and the sensors to acquire data. Finally, it makes the assembling for the equipment conformation. In order to start up the system, a watertightness test is performed to guarantee the tightness. Afterwards, a vacuum process of the system is carried out to recharge the same refrigerant R-404A that is recommended for medium and low temperatures, the digital thermostat and pressure switch equipment are calibrated. For the experimentation phase of the system, it performs the freezing process (-15 ° C) and conservation (2 ° C), by using the heat exchanger and without using it, and also when the camera is under load thermal or if it is empty. With these considerations, the variation of the temperature of the chamber as a function of time is obtained and the refrigeration cycle is plotted; obtaining that the refrigeration efficiency of the system is according to the design conditions is 67.5% and the optimum refrigeration efficiency of the system is 71.74% when the camera is under thermal load and the heat exchanger is used. It recommends verifying the operating manual for carrying out the corresponding laboratory practices, as well as the maintenance manuals to prolong the life of the system and safety to protect the integrity of the operator.