Determinación de la actividad diurética de Oreocallis grandiflora en ratas (Rattus norvegicus).

Abstract

The objetive of this research was to evaluate the diuretic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract from cucharilla (Oreocallis grandiflora) flowers in rats (Rattus norvergicus) used as animal model. In order to evaluate the diuretic activity, 25 lab rats were use, the average weight was between 180-250 grams, three different doses were administered (25, 100, 200 mg/kg), furosemide (10 mg/kg) as positive control and carboxymethyl cellulose 0,9 weight/volume as vehicle. Then, the urine total volume and electrolytes were measured at an interval of 6 hours after the treatment administration. Additionally, the presence of phenolic, flavonoids, quinones, lactones, coumarins, triterpenes compounds and steroids was verified by means of a phytochemical screening. The phenolic compounds content in the hydroalcoholic extract was 12,01±0,21%, while the flavonoids were 15,85±1,53%. The sensor activity for free radicals of the extract obtained a LC 50 (Lethal concentration) of 907,003 micrograms/milliliters, while the gallic acid which was used as a referenced reached LC 50 of 35,1985 micrograms/milliliters. The diuretic effect of the Oreocallis grandiflora flowers was proved in the three administered doses. An inversely proportional ratio between the doses and the diuretic effect in the applied concentrations is verified in the test. The doses of 25 mg/kg of the hydroalcoholic extract does not present significant differences with respect to the reference related to the volume of the urine; however, lower sodium and calcium concentrations were evidenced, even though the potassium amount is higher in the treatment in relation to the positive control. In conclusion, the Oreocallis grandiflora hydroalcoholic extract could become a diuretic type thiazide. It is recommended to develop further analyses to research the active compounds which are responsible for the activity and understand the mechanism of the diuretic effect at the molecular level.