Caracterización y plan de manejo de residuos sólidos, en la comunidad de Llangahua -Tungurahua.

Abstract

The main objective of this research work was to characterize solid residues and the formulation of the corresponding management plan for Llangahua community in Tungurahua province. In order to study the sanitation problem of sanitation neglected by municipal authorities, the population was stratified through the INEC socio-economic survey applied to 108 houses. Later, the solid residues were collected during 6 days in different points within the study area. At the point of collection, the procedure to obtain the per capita production, release density, and laboratory samples, was carried out separately for each stratum. At the laboratory some Mexican techniques were applied to determine: humidity, ash, organic matter, total nitrogen and C/N percentages. To estimate the environmental impact, it was applied a simplified evaluation by using several matrices in which the aspects and factors susceptible to be affected by impacts of any determined action, were determined in terms of intensity The pondered density obtained 163.23 kg/m3, together with the pondered per capita production (PCP) 0.39 kg*hab.*day, are necessary to seek resources in public entities for dimensioning of the landfill site, number of transport units, refuse containers, as well as collection routes. The most representative components are: organic matter (28.3%), ash (12.84%), potentially recyclable residues as: plastic, , carton and metal (35.15%), and residues as sanitary cellulose (23.72%). The daily activities in the community are detailed in the (IGA) matrix, it shows – 0.37 in the value scale that corresponds to a fairly significant negative impact. Based on the results, it is proposed a solid residues management plan that will allow, mitigate and control the negative impacts found during the study composed by five programs for: inorganic solid residues, organic, recyclable, dangerous solid residues and agrochemicals and expired drugs