Estudio de los saberes ancestrales en el ámbito de la agrobiodiversidad de las terrazas de la comunidad de Joyagshi - Sector "D", cantón Chunchi, provincia de Chimborazo

Abstract

This research proposes: to recover the ancestral knowledge in the agrobiodiversity field in the terraces of Joyaczhi, sector “D”, Chunchi canton, Chimborazo province. Identifying the materials, technique and technologies that used Kañri culture in the period of integration 500 – 1534 AC. In the present call still be found and recovered at the archaeological site of the terraces of Joyaczhi, For this, archaeological prospecting was carried out at the site called Sector “D2, the archaeo-botanical culture material was recovered and finally the recovered material was analyzed. For the archaeological prospecting, the descriptive method was used with the information systematization technique, for the recovery of the archaeo-botanical material, 3 sampling units were opened on the “D” sector terraces and for the morphological and taxonomic analysis of the botanical samples were used digital seed catalogs. The archaeological data of the botanicals macrorestos (seed, charcoal and wood) and cultural (ceramics) show that these agrarian patter societies intensified the agriculture. So they made an adequate management of the soil due to the great percentage of iron found in each one of the units sampling. Among the recovered species we have: Spinacea oleracea (8 seeds), Amaranthus quitensis ( 22 seeds),Trifolium repens (2 seeds), Sesbania spp (1 seed), Acacia spp, (1 seeds), Physalis peruviana (3 seeds), Papaver spp. (2 seeds). All this is evidence that the ancient societies of Joyaczhi, created and used specialized systems of cultivation. This is the case of the Amaranthus ( Amaranthus quitensis) and the Spinach (Spinacea oleracea), these species are the most representatives and important not only in that time but also in the present. These are characterized by having benefits and medicical uses, food, economic, among others.

Keywords: Ancestral Knowledge, cartographic analysis, agricultural terraces, agrobiodiversity.