Optimización del sistema de tratamientos de agua potable del cantón Mocha.

Abstract

It was optimized the process of water purification in the treatment system of the canton Mocha, with the goal of obtaining quality for human consumption, for which laboratory analyses were performed to determine the characteristics of physical, chemical and microbiological, sampling was conducted at different points: raw and potable water where we identified parameters such as: hardness calcium and sulfates which were outside the national Institute Ecuatoriano of normalization (INEN) rules 11:08 2006, the text unified legislation secondary environmental (TULSMA) and guides of the World Health Organization (OMS), the above mentioned parameters were tested for Treatability using the method of Test jar through the use of polyvinyl chloride (PAC) and aluminum lime in a solution of 3-1. Given as results values 72,22% calcium 63,89% hardness, 81,82% sulfates, are date reflecting compliance with reference standards on the quality of water with the PAC and Cal dosing. In conclusion, the treatment proposed for the optimization of the system of treatment drinking water of the canton Mocha final characterization in an accredited laboratory was validated by obtaining: hardness 176 mg/L, calcium 42 mg/L, and sulfates 91 mg/L, using the correct dose of PAC-Cal. Defining the costs at commercial level, determined that the cost per PAC and Cal consumption is $53,91 per day consumed 38,8 Kg/day PAC and 12 kg/day cal. The study of optimization should be implemented in the system of treatment of drinking water of the Mocha canton, with the use of PAC and Cal with concentrations found in the study. Since drinking water treatment system does not have chemical processes. Proposes the implementation of a channel of Parshall with the following dimensions: length 0,305m, width 0,178m, 0,57m and also a wide rectangular Flocculator: 2,75m long width 3,34m volume 7,14m xviii

3 for dosing and mixing the PAC and Cal.