Análisis microbiológico y resistencia a antimicrobianos del queso fresco que se expende en el mercado de Santa Rosa, Ciudad de Riobamba.

Abstract

The microbiological analysis and antimicrobial resistance of fresh cheese sold in the market of Santa Rosa, Riobamba City, intends to study its quality and safety, in order to establish whether it is suitable for the human consumption, besides the level of bacterial resistance and the impact on consumer health. The present research applied to the seven main points of sale in triplicate following the procedure and references of NTE INEN 1528 standards for fresh unripened cheeses, as well as International Standards: Mexican Standard NOM-243-SSA1-2010, Nicaraguan Standard NTON 03022-99 by analyzing of Staphylococcus aureus, total Coliforms and Escherichia coli. These microorganisms with counts in Petrifilm Dishes 3M, that are efficient and credited for their use, the procedure was handled with three consecutive dilutions from the mother dilution (10 xiv

-1 ), also were inoculated, incubated and counted for confirmation tests in Petri dishes. It performed the antibiogram through the Kirby Bauer method showing the next results: 1,3 x 10 6 CFU/g of Staphylococcus aureus, 7 x 10 5 CFU/g of Escherichia coli and 8,5 x 10 5 CFU/g of total coliforms. It compared statistically by the T-Test for a sample, demonstrating that the values exceeded in all cases the maximum allowable for consumption. It indicates a clearly deficient agro-food chain, noticing a high level of contamination that comes from the environment in which fresh cheeses are processed, transported and expended, and then the national health entities called to include policies to control such events. Rather tan by means of the closing of these points of sale, but with approach to the community, training and support to the cattle dealers, dairy and processors plants.