Diseño de prototipos tridimensionales de prótesis externa para reemplazo de pierna y pie por amputación infragenicular en humanos.

Abstract

The objective of this investigation was to designe 3D prototypes of infragenicular prosthesis (underneath the knee) in its endo form as well as its exoesqueletica, based on an analysis of technical and practical procedures that were used in the three-dimensional prosthesis development. Ecuador has produced nearly 1.932 external prosthesis, monthly using the CADCAM system; not just in inferior prosthesis member but also superior, as part of the Mision Solidaria Manuela Espejo program since 2012 to 2015. The previous study determined that in Ecuador there are many peoples with amputations, which 76% belongs to the inferior members. It also got determined to create a prototype base on the Bruno Munari’s methodology: problem, problem’s definition, data base compilation, data analysis, creativity, materials, experimentation, scketches, verification, constructive draws and solution. As a result, they got the infragenicular prosthesis prototype impress in ABS filament, the endoskeletal part was made base on an anonymous patient’s measurements and the exoskeletal part was built on an appearance preferences to managed a possible physiologic recuperation, based on aesthetical canones defined by society. The prototype not only has physical motor-functionality but also aesthetical; it was evaluated by a traumatologist doctor and it got the aval for its construction. The prosthesis fabrication in Ecuador is limited and the cost outside the country is extremely expensive. The use of the 3D impression provides prosthetic chip to amputated patients in a constructive way not only to give the mobilization ability, but also to help get involve positively and without any damage to society. It is well recommended to the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo; address the prosthesis theme to implement an integrator project between the Medicine, Mechanical, Electronic and Graphic Designer School to elaborate prosthesis of good quality to all the region’s patients.