Evaluación de microorganismos nativos en el proceso de degradación de materia orgánica en compostaje del Relleno Sanitario en el GAD del Cantón de la Joya de los Sachas

Abstract

The purpose of the research was to evaluate the action native microorganisms in the degradation of organic matter in a composting production process in the sanitary fill of the Decentralized Autonomous Government of Cantón Joya de los Sachas. The capture native microorganisms was carried out, and rice traps were prepared for that, after 18 days having place them, the traps were collected again, the, then a microorganism identification was realized by means of cultivation techniques in laboratory, for which PDA Agar and nutrient Agar were employed. A microbial cocktail was made with the mass of collected microorganisms in three different concentrations; for this purpose distilled water, molasses, yeast, natural yogurt, milk were applied; this cocktail was administered by fumigation using a pump with the capacity of 20 liters, to three different samples of organic matter with a weight of 376.56 kg each, plus a control group to with the treatment wasn’t applied, each of the treatments were covered with a plastic to avoid the excessive moisture and the sudden temperature fall. The following result were obtained: treatment A (X1 EM 1500 ml 16200000 CFU) had a duration of 60 days, treatment B (X2 EM 1000 ml 13200000 CFU) of 68 days, treatment C (X3 EM 500 ml 10050000 CFU) of 74 days, the control group is not finished yet, however the corresponding analysis was conducted until that day. It is concluded that the treatment A is the most efficient to accelerate a composting process in 60 days. It is recommended that the Department of Environmental Quality of GADM Joya de los Sachas use the concentration of 16200000 CFU of cocktail per 20 liters of water, since at this concentration is possible to obtain compost in 60 days.