Determinación y comparación de la actividad antibacteriana In Vitro de extractos de dos especies de Ortiga sobre bacterias de importancia clínica.

Abstract

The purpose of the following research study was to evaluate the antimicrobial, antifungal and haemagglutinating in vitro from white dead - nestle (Urtica urens) and ortiga brava (Urera baccifera (L) Gaudich) then extracts of each one of the samples were prepared, besides ethanolic extracts through maceration and ultrasound and aqueous extracts. Each of the extracts obtained were evaluated by using the Droplets method and Dissemination method in discs applied in five bacteria such as: Escherichia coli (ATCC 27853), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213) Pseudomona aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 7000603), Proteus vulgaris (ATCC 13315) and the fungus Candida albicans (ATCC 10231). The activity of extracts was compared with positive controls trough ceftriaxone (30µg) Erythromycin (15µg) and Ketoconazole (25 µg), and negative controls of distilled water, ethanol and dimethyl sulfoxide. The inoculated plates incubated at 35 0C around 12 to 16 hours. While the hemaggutination assay used aqueous extracts in different dilutions on red blood cells prepared at 5% of four blood groups A+, B+, AB+, O+. The antimicrobial activity was determined by the presence or lack of aura inhibitors and the potency of the extract were estimated by measuring diameters of halos. On the other hand Urtica urens showed inhibitory action on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomona aeruginosa and Candida albicans, however Urera baccifera showed activity on Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, but Urera baccifera pretended activity on Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans so that, it concludes that Urtica urens has greater toxic effect on microorganism. Furthermore it was established that the compound extraction method affects the toxic activity concluding that agglutination activity of Urera baccifera (L) Gaudich showed the highest activity in relation to all tested erythrocytes, demonstrating that the chemical composition plants contains lectins or phytohaemagllutinin that are responsible of agglutination, This is why it is particularly recommended to develop a biochemical characterization and specificity of lectins.