Elaboración y Evaluación de Microesferas Mucoadhesivas preparadas a través de la técnica de Gelificación Iónica utilizando Alginato Sódico y Quitosano.

Abstract

The research involved the production and testing of mucoadhesive microspheres which were prepared wich ionic gelation technique using as polymers sodium alginate, chitosan and calcium chloride as an ionizing component.In a first stage the processing parameters method were standardized, thus the size and morphology of the microparticles are based on factors such as instrument of drip type and its height from ionizing solution. These three formulations were prepared with different kinds of polymers, the formula 3 has the higher solutions that formula 1 and on which were determined the best instrument of drip capacity and its optimum height for each formula, as well as establishing suitable dry temperature. After it reaching the standardization method, five lot of each formula were prepared, which were determined parameters as size, morphology, loss by dehydration, production yield and mucoadhesive capacity in order to establish its quality. The size and morphology of the microspheres were assessed by using microscopy optical techniques, while the mucoadhesive property was determined by the test method known as “wash-off”. It was determined that the microspheres prepared with formulation 1, 2 and 3 had a diameter witch 1.08; 1.18 and 1.32 millimeters (mm), respectively, so that only the first formula meets the specifications of size (1000 ± 10 nm) set to be considered microspheres. In relation to the mucoadhesive property, formula 3 has the best characteristics compared to formula 1 and 2, so it established that the microspheres mucoadhesive capacity is directly proportional to polymer concentration. This research had established a formula and technique to make polymer particles (macroparticles) with a master level with mucoadhesive capacity, with constitutes an opportunity for the back production of drugss.