Análisis de las técnicas de tunneling para la coexistencia de IPv4 e IPv6 que brinde soporte a tráfico de VoIp.

Abstract

This work concerns the analysis of Tunneling Techniques for the coexistence of IPv4 and IPv6 traffic to provide VoIP support (6to4, ISATAP and GRE) under test scenarios in Cisco Academy at the Polytechnic University of Chimborazo. The methodology u sed was quasi - experimental type, because the information sent was not chosen at random but rather it was defined along test scenarios (pure IPv4, pure IPv6, 6to4, ISATAP and GRE). Furthermore, at least one independent variable was manipulated and it could approximate the results of experimental research in situations where it is not possible absolute control and manipulation of variables. The materials as software were Elastix, VMware Statio n, CentOS, Wireshark, and Jitsi . As hardware was used Cisco Route r 2811, Cisco 2960 Switch, Server PBX, IP Phones and Laptops HP. Without Tunneling techniques, it was determined that the higher Jitter (2.65 ms.) and the best bandwidth had IPv6 (118 Kbps), while the higher latency (80.07 ms.) occurs in IPv4. By implementing Tunneling techniques, it was established that the highest Jitter and Latency was in GRE greater values of 2.89 ms. and 81.75 ms., respectively. The best bandwidth was with ISATAP with a value of 115.67 Kbps. According to the technicians surveyed GRE takes less time to implement and it has a low difficulty of configuration, management and monitoring. ISATAP requires a higher degree of knowledge, thus it takes longer to implement and its degree of difficulty increases. The 6to4 presents a r elative balance on the investigated indexes. In the three Tunneling techniques there is a relative balance with respect to the transmission of RTP packets. However, the technique most evidence Tunneling RTP packet loss is detected with a GRE efficiency pe rcentage value does not reach even 1%. The ISATAP improve this level to 33% and 6to4 virtually no RTP Packet loss is detected. After completion of the investigation, it is concluded that in real - time communications, the determining factors are the Jitter and Latency. It is for this reason that after making all required measurements in different scenarios it is concluded that the ISATAP tunneling technique is best fulfilling these requirements. It is recommended further promote complementary studies to imp rove the coexistence of IPv4 and IPv6 networks. To perform the analysis of other tunneling techniques to better evaluate the results of this research process and generate policies and regulations that encourage, promote and force the adoption of IPv6 in th e country.