Implementación de un modelo de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico en el Subcentro de Salud Chambo-Chimborazo

Abstract

A continuous pharmacotherapeutic follow-up model was implemented in the Chambo health sub-center in the province of Chimborazo in order to promote the rational use of drugs, prevention, detection, and resolution of drug-related problems and negative outcomes associated with medication, improving the quality of life of the beneficiaries. In order to evaluate the SFT model, a pilot test was used with patients with arterial hypertension; the patients were recruited in the outpatient area and were randomly selected under voluntary acceptance criteria. In the investigation, the patient's health status was analyzed through the clinical history; I evaluated the needs related to medications through interviews, surveys, pharmacotherapeutic profiles; I elaborated care plans for the correct administration of medications, compliance, diet, physical activity, and others. In the study I identified 91 negative outcomes associated with medication; of which: 29.7% were due to untreated health problems, 3.3% unnecessary medication effect, 51.7% due to quantitative ineffectiveness, 2.2% non-quantitative ineffectiveness, 12.1% non-quantitative insecurity and 1. 1% quantitative insecurity; in addition, the main problems related to medications in the group of patients were found to be: 20.9% due to inadequate conservation, 19.8% of patients present pathologies without drug treatment, 14.3% interactions with plants and 12.1% expected and undesired effects that can be either of the active ingredient/s or of the excipients. Problems that can be avoided in 90.1% by the physician and with patient education by the pharmacist and 9.9% of negative results associated with the medication cannot be avoided; it was determined that 6.6% are due to the default regimen (patient forgetfulness) and 3.3% are due to self-medication. The implementation of the pharmacotherapeutic follow-up system allowed 75% of beneficiaries to have normal systolic blood pressure values and 90.3% had optimal diastolic blood pressure levels, visibly improving their state of health. The application of the pharmacotherapeutic follow-up model helped to improve the quality of life of the patients and the continued use of the system at the Chambo health sub-center and other similar centers is recommended.