Optimización de la planta de lácteos en la producción de leche pasteurizada de la Estación Experimental Tunshi

Abstract

Research for the optimization of the Dairy Plant in the production of pasteurized milk at the Tunshi Espoch Experimental Station in Riobamba. The pasteurization method that has been used in this plant is high of 84-85 o C for 10 seconds. Several phases of the process were identified as unacceptable, such as: steam generation, milk reception, entry of the milk into the balance tank, centrifugation, homogenization, heat exchange, cooling and sleeving, where the corresponding technical calculations were made. From the results obtained, it was established that the most critical phases are: for steam generation, it is necessary to acquire new materials to prevent steam loss in the boiler; for homogenization, the pressure must be increased to 100 bars to reduce fat particles in the milk; for heat exchange, it is necessary to equalize the temperature of the raw and pasteurized milk to prevent heat loss; for sleeving, the sleeving machine circuit must be heated to obtain a good horizontal and vertical seal. On the other hand, basic analysis techniques were developed and implemented, which are essential to be carried out in the quality laboratory. In addition, an economic study for the production of pasteurized milk is attached. The actions to be carried out will make it possible to establish a sustainable production chain of good quality.