Estudio de técnicas de análisis espectral y su aplicación en el procesamiento digital de señales

Abstract

In the GETNano Laboratory (Ecuadorian Group for the Experimental and Theoretical Study of Nanosystems), ESPOCH. was developed the study of Spectral Analysis Techniques and its application in Digital Signal Processing in order to apply the Fourier Analysis theory: its meaning, properties and, an application for medical diagnosis is presented, self-consistent teaching modules are developed, basis for a practical undergraduate course. Inductive methods were used for the research and deductive methods for the development of examples and applications, simplifying calculations by using computational tools such as portable hardware and SCILAB (Numerical Calculation Program) free software useful for signal analysis. Among the examples developed we find: basic signal generation, signal convolution, discrete Fourier transform, fast Fourier transform, digital filters, filter banks, sampling. Finally, an ECG (Ideal Electrocardiogram) simulation is presented to analyze the mathematical origin of cardiac electrical signals for their application in identification and recognition of pathologies. The simulation system uses a biological signal generation algorithm based on the development of data through SCILAB generating ECG signals considering the different intervals. In order to compare graphically with other types of electrocardiograms and to obtain a diagnosis of cardiac pathologies by visualizing the variations of its intervals with respect to the ideal electrocardiogram.