Diseño de un sistema para el tratamiento de aguas residuales para la comunidad de Nizag en el cantón Alausí

Abstract

The design of a domestic wastewater treatment system for the Nizag community was carried out to prevent contamination of the Guasuntos River. In order to develop this research, the experimental method was applied using composite water sampling for its characterization. The analysis of the wastewater determined that fecal coliforms, suspended solids, sedimentable solids and BOD are the variables of analysis for the design of the treatment system since they are outside the current regulations of the country. In order to eliminate the greatest amount of contaminants, the treatment system was designed for a 20-year period for a population of 884 inhabitants and a design flow of 134.33 m3/d, with the following operations: A manual cleaning grid system for the retention of coarse solids, a 150 L equalization tank to obtain a constant flow, a 5.60 m2 settling tank to reduce the presence of suspended solids by 52% and obtain a 34% removal of BOD, and a 3 m3 disinfection tank to achieve a 99.9% reduction of microbial life. The domestic wastewater treatment system designed will have an efficiency of 98% and a yield of 95%, which will guarantee that the Guasuntos River will not be contaminated.