Análisis estadístico multivariante de las historias clínicas de hospitalización y emergencia del Hospital San Juan de Riobamba para identificar los diagnósticos más incidentes durante el año 2012 y desarrollo e implementación de un sistema de información clínica

Abstract

A clinical information system and multivariate statistical analysis of hospitalization and emergency medical records of the San Juan Hospital in the city of Riobamba for the period January - December 2012 was developed. For the development of the system, a situational analysis was carried out in which the lack of automation in the opening of clinical records and lack of knowledge of the population and characteristics of the patients was evidenced. Statistical (Cluster Analysis and Categorical Regression) and computer methods (SPSS 15, Power Designer 6.5, Postgresql 7 and Netbeans 4.5) were applied. As a result of the research, the most frequent definitive diagnoses were obtained, 34.95% of which correspond to diseases of the gastrointestinal system; four similar groups of patients were also found and an efficient categorical regression model was obtained. The developed system allows creating clinical histories without duplicating them and facilitating descriptive statistics of the patients' characteristics. The development of the clinical information system and multivariate statistical analysis allows improving the quality of processes and services provided by the institution. Therefore, it is concluded that this system and statistical analysis are basic tools for any type of organization that seeks to improve the quality of health care. It is recommended that the clinical information system be implemented and that statistical studies be carried out in hospitals or institutions that provide similar services.