Análisis estadístico sobre la incidencia de los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo temprano de la rinitis alérgica en niños de cero a seis años en el Hospital Pediátrico Alfonso Villagómez Román de la ciudad de Riobamba en los años 2008 - 2012

Abstract

The objective of this research is to implement statistical analysis to estimate incidences of allergic rhinitis and identify possible risk factors in children under 6 years of age attended at the Alfonso Villagómez Román Pediatric Hospital in the city of Riobamba. The methodologies used were: analytical, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective. The data were collected by means of forms created in Microsoft Excel software of clinical histories and Hospital Discharge Statistical Report, obtaining 135 allergic incident cases to infer by means of descriptive and inferential statistics, mortality and survival. Statistical estimates determine that: there is a high incidence of allergic rhinitis; 20% annually, 8% monthly and 3% daily. The main clinical manifestation was pruritus and nasal congestion (25%), age between 2-11 months (32%), the sex with the highest incidence was male (56%), the most affected nutritional status was underweight (43%), the area with the highest frequency was urban (58%), family history attributed the highest incidence (61%), with Complementary feeding type (48%). It can be concluded that this disease is not fatal, but it does attribute considerable infant morbidity to factors such as gender, residence, diet, family history and environmental allergens, pollutants and drugs. This research work is recommended to the Pediatric Hospital Alfonso Villagómez Román to estimate risk probabilities on the consequences caused by Allergic Rhinitis.