Separación, purificación y posible identificación de metabolitos secundarios del Escobillón Rojo (Callistemon speciosus)

Abstract

The work "SEPARATION, PURIFICATION AND POSSIBLE IDENTIFICATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITES OF THE RED SPECIES (Callistemon speciosus)", was carried out in the laboratory of natural products. The botanical identification of Callistemon speciosus was carried out in the herbarium of the ESPOCH, an ethanolic extract of the aerial part by maceration and elimination of the solvent, obtaining a liquid whose physical properties and phytochemical groups were determined by coloring reactions, a first fractionation with chloroform and butanol, the same that are determined TLC, with different solvents such as Toluene: Ethyl Acetate (93:7), Ethyl Acetate: Acetic Acid: Formic Acid: Water (100:11:11:26), Chloroform: Methanol (65:35) and developed with cerium sulfate. The presence of rounded and colored spots determines the presence of compounds, which are purified in column chromatography and thin layer depending on the complexity and number of spots. Once purified, UV values are determined for those that present chromophore groups. The phytochemical groups are saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, sesquiterpenolactones, triterpenes. The catechin tannins were quantified by permanganometry, giving 0.26 mEqg/13 ml. The following compounds were identified in the chloroformic sub-extract: 7-hydroxy-flavone, 5,7-dihydroxy-3'4',5'-trihydroxy-flavonol and 5,7-dihydro-4'-hydroxy-flavone. From the toluene sub-sub-extract, the structure of the following compounds was established: anilinium ion, 2,7-dihydroxy-2',3',5',6'-tetrahydroxy-4'-methoxy-isoflavone, ß-sitosterol and 2,3-dien-hexanone acetate. The following compounds were identified in the methanolic sub-sub-extract: 7-methoxy-flavone,5,6,7,8-tetrahydroxy-benzopyrone, coumarin and 5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxy-flavone. Mass spectrophotometric and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses are recommended to establish metabolite structures.