Evaluación de la dosis óptima de nitrógeno en el cultivo de haba (Vicia faba l.) variedad iniap 442 sultana en la comunidad de Puculpala

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the optimum dose of nitrogen in the cultivation of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) variety INIAP 442 SULTANA in the community of Puculpala. A randomized block design (RBD) was used and 15 plots were used as the experimental units to be evaluated, which were dosed with urea. The treatments were: treatment 1 (0 kg N ha-1), treatment 2 (15 kg N ha-1), treatment 3 (30 kg N ha-1), treatment 4 (45 kg N ha-1), treatment 5 (60 kg N ha-1). Agronomic variables such as germination percentage, lodging percentage and yield in tons per hectare were recorded. In addition, soil physicochemical variables were determined. For the economic analysis, the Partial Budget methodology based on the Marginal Rate of Return (MRR) was used. The best yield was obtained in treatment 4, which resulted in 11.16 t ha-1 , registering an increase of 43% in production compared to treatment 1, where nitrogen was not applied. In the soil physicochemical variables, the best treatment was T4 with a response to total nitrogen of 0.20%, organic carbon of 1.81% and an ammonium content of 104.74 ppm. Regarding the partial budget analysis based on the Marginal Rate of Return (MRR), treatment 4 obtained a marginal rate of return of 1278% compared to treatment 3, being the best economic alternative for the users, since for each dollar invested from treatment 3 to treatment 4, a profit of 12.78 dollars could be obtained. It is concluded that better results and higher yields were obtained with treatment 4 (45 kg ha-1 of N).