Evaluación del extracto y microencapsulado de las hojas y el fruto del mortiño (vaccinium floribundum kunth)

Abstract

The objective of this work was to analyze the extract and microencapsulation of the leaves and fruit of the mortiño (vaccinium floribundum kunth). In order to address this challenge, a quick and efficient collection of raw material in the Sigchos canton in the province of Cotopaxi was carried out. Subsequently, the leaves and fruit of the mortiño were subjected to a tray dryer; the extract obtained in both components was subjected to an initial maceration in four different media: sample 1 (20% ethanol - 80% water), sample 2 (50% ethanol - 50% water), sample 3 (80% ethanol - 20% water) and sample 4 (100% ethanol). Once the maceration was finished, it was passed to a simple filtration, then to a second maceration, to a rotary evaporator and finally to microencapsulation. By means of the methodology, an analysis of total flavonoids was carried out, reporting a result of 57.90625 ± 10mg and a correlation coefficient of 0.9252. In the analysis of total phenolics, a linear regression was performed with a correlation coefficient of 0.9989 and an ANOVA with a better concentration in both fruits and leaves in the extract with 50% ethanol - 50% water. Finally, the analysis of antioxidant activity yielded results in ANOVA with better concentration in both fruits and leaves in the extract with 100% ethanol and a correlation coefficient of 0.9958. In this context it is concluded that the extract with the highest yield in leaves was extract 3 in sample 2 with 29.89% and in fruit extract 3 in sample 1 with 49.1%. In addition, extract 3 exhibited promising characteristics in secondary metabolites, flavonoid quantification, and antioxidant capacity. For microencapsulation, the spray drying method was used to preserve the integrity of the extract.