Estrés Hiperosmótico Durante los Procesos de Congelación de sémen Porcino.

Abstract

Although freezing of spermatozoids of pigs is a technique with more than 20 years of experience, the actual techniques present only a 30-40% survival after freezing. On the other hand, the fertility of the frozen spermatozoids is significantly lower than in the fresh and refrigerated semen. There are methods in the laboratory destined to evaluate the spermatic damage at the cell and acrosome membrane level necessary in different protocols of freezing used. The cell suspensions, upon freezing gradually bellow the freezing point of the solution freeze and the formation of ice crystals in the interior begins increasing the solute concentration in the extracellular environment. Thus a hypoosmotic environment is formed producing the water outlet from the interior of the espermatoziod, which is influenced by the spermatic quality, freezing speed and the used crioprotector. To counteract these effects as alternative measures the use of a mixture of crioprotectors and slow freezing speeds with special considerations is recommended taking care of the semen at 10 to 5 ºC temperature. Thus Camacho, D. (2000) in this investigation concludes that the average of spermatozoids reacted positive at the hypoosmotic test HOST after freezing in the different protocols with 53.73±12.30 % being considered acceptable