Evaluación del uso racional de antibióticos en el servicio Hospitalización del Hospital San Juan de Riobamba

Abstract

The San Juan Specialty Hospital does not have a study that evaluates the rational use of antibiotics in the hospitalization service, taking into account that the indiscriminate use and misuse of antibiotics leads to one of the problems worldwide, which is resistance to antibiotics and drug interactions. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the rational use of antibiotics in the hospitalization service of the San Juan Hospital in the city of Riobamba, during the period January - October 2022. The methodology implemented had a quantitative-descriptive approach, a nonexperimental cross-sectional design was used, since the variables described were not manipulated, and the study was field-based because diagnoses of antibiotic prescriptions were collected by means of a registration matrix, as a collection tool, a survey was applied to health personnel and a socialization on the adequate use of antibiotics was done; the study population were clinical histories of patients who attended the hospitalization service and were prescribed antibiotics. By means of the methodology, it was determined that the antibiotics most prescribed in the hospitalization service were cefazolin (41%), ampicillin/sulbactam (29.2%), ceftriaxone and mitomycin (10.2%) each of these correspond to monotherapy respectively, thus in a combined therapy we obtained cefazolin (17.8%), gentamicin (13.13%), ceftriaxone (12.4%), metronidazole (11.4%), ampicillin/sulbactam (7.7%) and ciprofloxacin (7.6%). Showing that (10.45%) presented antibiotic-antibiotic interactions. In this context, it is concluded that the San Juan Specialty Hospital needs to train personnel constantly about the inappropriate use of antibiotics in order to reduce drug-drug interactions and reduce bacterial resistance.