Diseño e implementación de una antena microstrip que opere en el rango de frecuencia de 3.3 a 3.6 Ghz para comunicación 5G.

Abstract

In this present thesis, a study about microstrip patch antennas and 5G connectivity technology was conducted to design an antenna operating at a frequency of 3.45 GHz with a bandwidth covering 3.3 to 3.6 GHz range. The antenna design was carried out using the electromagnetic simulation software HFSS, proposing six designs. The initial four designs utilized a rectangular patch antenna, which exhibited low gain and a narrow bandwidth. Consequently, a triangular patch design using its reflection as ground was employed, providing a broad bandwidth of 230 MHz and a gain of -12.13 dB to enhance the design cuts were made on the top of the triangular patch, expanding the bandwidth to 252 MHz and improving the gain to -13.76 dB. This modified design was selected as the optimal proposal. Measurements were conducted using Radio Frequency equipment, signal generators, and spectrum analyzers, assessing the antenna's radiation pattern and coverage at distances ranging from 2.5 cm to 5m with transmission powers of -10 dBm, 0 dBm, 10 dBm, and 20 dBm, following the specifications outlined in standard TS 138.141-1 for local area applications. Measurement results revealed two significant lobes pointing towards the front and rear of the antenna in the E-plane, with a bandwidth of 270 MHz within the range of 3.38 to 3.65 GHz, a gain of -12.6 dB, and an efficiency of 93.8%. It was concluded that the antenna is suitable for local area applications with transmission powers higher than 0 dBm.