Caracterización molecular de Ancylostoma Caninum y prevalencia de parasitosis en perros del refugio-santuario PAE de la ciudad de Riobamba

Abstract

The aim of this work was to characterize molecularly Ancylostoma caninum while determining the prevalence of parasitosis in a population of 120 canines housed in the Refugio-Santuario Protección Animal Ecuador (PAE) Riobamba, where each canine was registered, identifying the sex, race and approximate age; The stool samples were collected and transported in a cooler to the Parasitology Laboratory of the Sciences College, where the coproparasitic analysis was performed in saline and Lugol’s solutions; the data was tabulated using descriptive statistics, finding 68% total prevalence of parasitosis. The most prevalent parasites were Giardia lamblia (35.90%), Toxocara canis (19.23%) and Ancylostoma caninum (17.31%). Out of a total of 27 microscopically positive samples observed by Wills flotation for Ancylostoma caninum, 2 samples (faeces and resuspension) were prepared and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results revealed the presence of the parasite in both samples with a product size of 540 base pairs with percentages of identity 49.1 % and 100 %. With Sanger Sequencing, electropherograms were obtained which allowed the extraction of the complete nucleotide sequence (446 bases) for both samples, subsequently the phylogenetic tree was designed where it was confirmed with certainty that the sequences found belonged to the parasite Ancylostoma caninum since it showed a great similarity with sequences from bibliographic sources. Finally, it was recommended to promote the prevention and control of parasitosis in canines, to increase awareness of zoonotic diseases and to apply PCR in laboratories because it is a fast and direct method for the identification and discrimination of pathogenic parasites.