Diseño y construcción de un caldero simple para el laboratorio de procesos industriales de la Facultad de Ciencias

Abstract

The laboratory of industrial processes does not have an equipment that meets the needs of a practical handling; as well as, a complementary equipment for the different processes and operations that occur within it, thus causing losses in time and generating a great energy expense. Therefore, the main objective of this technical project was to design and build a generator of a vertical pyrotubular boiler, which will provide steam at a certain pressure for the equipment operation of the Laboratory of Industrial Processes at the Science Faculty with 3 BHP of power located in the city of Riobamba - Ecuador. For this purpose, the methodology used was carried out through a bibliographic review with the purpose of identifying the main technical characteristics of the pyrotubular boilers, and the constructive requirements established by the ASME Standard for the design of steam generators. With this information, the thermal-mechanical design of the pyrotubular boiler was carried out. Finally, the unit costs were determined to establish the amount for the design and construction of the generator. Using the methodology described above, the results of the design process reveal that the mass flow of steam generated by the boiler is 45.93 kg/h and the volumetric flow of fuel is 6.08 L/h. With the results obtained, it is concluded that the constructed boiler complied with the requirements specified in the applied standard, thus guaranteeing the efficiency and safety of the equipment. Before using the equipment, it is recommended to read the operation manual and maintenance manual for its correct handling.