Dimensionamiento de una Planta de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales para la Cabecera Parroquial de Licán.

Abstract

Flow measurements of the final wastewater collector were made; The water depth (height) was measured for a week, from 06:30 to 18:00 hours at intervals of 30 minutes, it has a uniform flow, using Manning's equation to calculate the flow rate; used: flexometer, spirit level, rope, wooden strips with a tape measure. Samples were taken for five days, for physical-chemical analysis, in a test tube, 500mL with intervals of 30 minutes, for an hour and a half daily, to obtain a composite sample of 2000mL, in two glass (1L) and amber (1L) containers; for biological characterization, in sterile plastic container, with 150mL. They were analyzed at the CESTTA ESPOCH Laboratory. The results of flow measurements are: weekly maximum 14.5 L/s; weekly minimum 3.7 L/s, weekly average 9.6 L/s. In the physical, chemical and microbiological characterization, average values ​​were obtained, among others: wastewater temperature 19.6ºC, oils and fats 16.24 mg/L, BOD5, 340 mg/L, COD, 826.8mg/L, total coliforms > 1 x 10 ˆ6 CFU/100mL, above permissible limits, especially in Oils and fats, BOD5, COD, Total Nitrogen and Total Coliforms. Based on the flows obtained, the result of the water characterization, and the characteristics of the land, the plant was dimensioned, consisting of: an inlet channel, grids, Parshall channel as a gauging device, grit trap, two Imhoff tanks located in series, five drying, and five upflow anaerobic filters. With its implementation, it would be possible to remove 91.25% for BOD5, 87% for SS, and 89.3% for COD and 99.05% for oils and fats; complying with TULAS limits, in addition, to preserve the quality of the water of the Chibunga River, final recipient of the treated water.