Evaluación del efecto sombra en la producción de forraje con pasto dallis bajo un sistema silvopastoril.

Abstract

The lack of shade provided by trees in silvopastoral systems affects forage consumption in animals, given by the morphostructure, quantity, quality, and digestibility of forage, therefore, the objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of shade on forage production with Brachiaria decumbens grass under a silvopastoral system. The methodology implemented had a quantitative approach, which allowed the use of a completely randomized block design, with three treatments: fixed fence (SSP1), mobile fence (SSP2) and conventional fence as a control treatment, the experiment lasted 120 days, evaluating environmental, agronomic, soil analysis and bromatological variables in the off-rainy season. By means of this methodology it was possible to determine that the variables were conditioned by the main effect of the system with and without shade, showing higher values of environmental temperature in the system without shade than those obtained when the grass grew with shade, in addition to higher values of solar radiation, showing a reduction for each of the variables, temperature, relative humidity, dew point and solar radiation. The agronomic variables showed significant differences for the treatment effect. In addition, the basal cover and the leaf-stem ratio were conditioned by the treatments. Soil fertility data showed a very acid pH, but no significant differences were observed between experimental farms. Significant differences were observed in the chemical composition values. In this context, it is concluded that the effect of the silvopastoral system with and without shade had a difference of 2 degrees Celsius, which avoids heat stress and comfort of the animals.