Diagnóstico de proceso de faenamiento y la calidad microbiológica de la carne de bovino y porcino en el camal municipal del cantón Sucúa.

Abstract

The aim of the research project was to diagnose the slaughter process and microbiological quality of beef and pork from the Sucúa municipal slaughterhouse. The level of contamination of Escherichia coli, fecal coliforms and Salmonella was determined using the standards established by Agrocalidad: NTE INEN 1338:2012 "Meat and meat products. Raw meat products, cured - matured meat products and pre-cooked - cooked meat products" with the results and the slaughtering process was compared through the Procedures Manual for the Inspection and Qualification of Slaughterhouses to determine if the establishment is optimal for carrying out the animal slaughtering process. The results for microbial load exceeded the limits for fecal coliforms and Salmonella in beef with average values of 56.89 CFU/cm2 and 4.22 CFU/cm2 respectively, with 31.6 CFU/cm2 permitted for fecal coliforms and the absence of Salmonella; the values for Escherichia coli were respected with values of 21.78 CFU/cm2, since the limit established by Agrocalidad is 100 CFU/cm2. In swine, the values for fecal coliforms were 135.89 CFU/cm2 and for Salmonella 25.22 CFU/cm2, exceeding the 100 CFU/cm2 permitted by Agrocalidad for fecal coliforms and the absence of Salmonella; however, for Escherichia coli, there were averages of 12.66 CFU/cm2, while the permitted limits are 100 CFU/cm2. The establishment's score was 97.73%, failing to comply with 2 of the 88 requirements established by Agrocalidad. It was concluded that the establishment complies with the requirements for slaughtering animals, but showed contamination, so the process was carried out with certain anomalies in the company. It is recommended to carry out an investigation on other microorganisms and to establish a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points.