Análisis de vibraciones torsionales de elementos oscilantes en un motor de combustión interna como aporte al monitoreo de la condición de automotores

Abstract

The objective of this research work was to carry out the analysis of torsional vibrations of oscillating elements In an Internal combustion engine as a contribution to monitoring the condition of motor vehicles, through a non-experimental correlational study. The analysis was carried out on a Chevrolet Kalos 1.2 internal combustion engine, which is in the workshops of the Faculty of Mechanics of the Escuela Superior Politécnica, using the Maintracket Predictive software to monitor the state, define the machines, the inspection plans, evaluate measurements, show tends, analyze vibrations and perform statistics. As results, it was obtained that, when analyzing the waveform taken in the first stage (with Slack Oi), periodic vibration events were observed at the IX frequency, which corresponded to a synchronized vibration, in the statistical analysis when evaluating the vibration frequency in MCI Kalos 1.2; A total of 161 vibration measurements were obtained, highlighting the maximum point, which is the exact moment where the spark explodes. When evaluating the waveform with Slack 0f MCI Kalos 1.2; it was observed that, as there is greater clearance, the lubricating film between the main bearings and the crankshaft increases. It was concluded that, when analyzing the curves obtained by the Vibracheck diagnostic equipment, it was evidenced that, by increasing the wear of the bearings, that is, the clearance between the main bearings and the crankshaft, the frequencies of torsional vibrations decrease in an unproportional way. It is recommended to have the corresponding materials to carry out the vibration analysis in optimal conditions, that is, that the combustion engine is in good working order before inducing the failure, which allows greater accuracy at the time of experimentation.