Determinación de la actividad ansiolítica del extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas de guayaba (Psidium guajava) en ratones (Mus musculus)

Abstract

The objective of this research was to determine the anxiolytic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of guava leaves (Psidium guajava) in mice (Mus musculus). The vegetable matter was xvi collected, dried, crushed and macerated with 70% ethanol for three days for its concentration. The quality control of the dry drug and the concentrated extract was carried out, to later execute the phytochemical screening and identify the secondary metabolites present in the plant. The extract was then concentrated to dryness and alcohol-free. To evaluate the anxiolytic activity, 30 male mice with a weight of approximately 25-30 g and an age of 2-3 months were used, which were grouped according to the treatment they were going to receive. Propylene glycol 15% was used as a negative control, Clonazepam as a positive control and the extracts at concentrations of 25, 100, 200 and 300 mg / Kg. Unconditional tests were carried out, with the teams of: Light- Dark Room, Elevated Cross Labyrinth and Open Field. The behavior of the mice in the different equipment was recorded for later processing in the ITOPI (Light-Dark Room and Elevated Cross Maze) and EMIS (Open Field) programs. The data obtained were analyzed in the IBM® SPSS® statistics version 22 program, determining that the doses of 200 and 300 mg / Kg present greater anxiolytic activity without affecting the locomotion of the biomodels. It is recommended to carry out toxicity studies of (Psidium guajava) leaves, to analyze the possible effects and guarantee its use.