Implementación de un modelo de gestión de calidad de la leche en el centro de acopio San Antonio en el cantón Santiago de Méndez.

Abstract

The aim of this work was to implement a milk quality management model in San Antonio milk gathering center, located in the parish of Méndez, Santiago de Méndez canton, through physicochemical analysis of raw milk. The methodology was qualitative-quantitative, carrying out a diagnosis for the improvement of raw milk quality processes. This was a documentary and field research, since data was obtained from the extraction of samples from each sector and a bibliographic review was carried out. First, the milk production sectors were identified with the help of ArcGIS 18.0 software. Then a map of milk production in the province of Morona Santiago was made, producers were interviewed about how milking was normally carried out, and the type of feeding they had on a daily basis. A calculation was made using arithmetic averages of each result obtained from the sectors. The project was useful for the milk gathering center which allowed to improve each time the quality of the milk. A comparison was made between the parameters governed by the company Nutri Leche and the standards NTE INEN 9:2012. It was observed that there are significant differences with confusing errors in the correction table of the density of the lactodensimeter. As results of the arithmetic mean it was determined that in Macas parish the milk suppliers present low cryoscopy of -0.5280 °H with a percentage of 0.72% water; while in Tayuza parish a low acidity record was obtained at the time of performing the California Mastitis Test (CMT), presenting a high range of mastitis. It was concluded that the main problem is the poor application of Good Milking Practices (BPO) and poor treatment of the pasture consumed by the cattle. It is recommended to implement a quality management design proposal in order to improve performance and milk production in a more efficient manner.