Evaluación de la rotación y periodos de aplicación de productos para el manejo de Phytophthora infestans en tomate (Solanum lycopersicum) a campo abierto.

Abstract

The objective of this research work was to evaluate the rotation and application periods of products for the management of Phytophthora infestans in tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) in open fields, using a randomized complete block design with eight treatments, a control, and four replicates. Each experimental unit consisted of twenty plants, from which variables such as incidence, severity, area under the disease progress curve (ABCPE), number of flowers, fruit, biological efficacy, and yield were evaluated. To determine the incidence and severity, observations were made at 48-hour intervals; in the case of the determination of the area under the cave of disease progress and biological efficacy, pre-established formulas were used; and for the determination of yield, harvesting was conducted weekly. The results were tabulated in Excel and subsequently processed in the statistical software Infostat student version 2020 for statistical analysis and were plotted using R software version 4.1.2. The variance analysis showed highly significant effects in the phosphite-based treatments and the 7-day application frequencies since the results were a final severity (6.65%), ABCPE (103.20), twenty-six flowers/plant, 41.65 fruits/plant, and a yield of a 6.38 kg/plant. It was concluded that the best treatment for the Phytophthora infestans control was fungicide rotation with the addition of potassium phosphite at a frequency of application every seven days. It is recommended to evaluate other resistance inhibitors at different application frequencies in locations with late blight attacks.