Diseño y construcción de un chasis liviano para un prototipo eléctrico monoplaza

Abstract

This research aimed to design and build a lightweight chassis for an electric single-seater vehicle through software, Computer-aided design (CAD), and Computer-aided engineering (CAE) for adequate weight optimization. The dimensioning that the pilot must comply with was developed as a first step for the construction of the chassis, through a statistical study to determine its mass and height. Once this phase was completed, the shape, size and thickness of the profile were selected, taking into account available in the environment, mechanical performance, and constructability, obtaining a square profile of 1.25 inches x 1.1 mm thick was the best option. Subsequently, we proceeded with the selection of materials and for this, they were compared in different phases of the process. Through decision matrices and simulations using CAE software, obtaining aluminum 6063 TS as the most optimal material for the manufacture of the chassis. Being 65% lighter than structural steel and also has mechanical characteristics that meet construction needs. Finally, the chassis manufacturing process was carried out, which is essential for the good performance offered at the time of real tests. To verify the resistance and mechanical performance, several tests were carried out to determine the reliability of the chassis, which is why it has a fatigue safety factor of 3.065, satisfactorily resisting the fluctuating loads applied. It is concluded that the chassis was designed and built using CAD / CAE software having a mass of 10.5 Kg, in addition to presenting a high resistance. It is recommended that for certain eventualities or buckling, the thickness of the profile could be increased or, in turn, the structure reinforced with carbon fiber.