Implementación de rutas para escalada deportiva en roca en el cerro Cachaway, cantón Riobamba, provincia de Chimborazo.

Abstract

Riobamba rock climbing sports scenarios are spaces that require technical maintenance and adjustments, to provide safety to those who practice this activity. The objective of this study was to implement six routes for traditional and sport climbing with the technical requirements necessary for an excellent adventure recreational practice. This project is part of the strategic objective of Riobamba’s Dirección de Gestión de Turismo to develop and promote adventure tourism in the city. To meet the aim of this study, the analytical research method was employed, which was developed from exploratory, descriptive and application studies. For this, the structure of the rock outcrop was analyzed through a geological survey of the area, where information was collected on the characteristics of the rock wall, the resistance of the materials used and the cost for the implementation of the routes. Through a characterization and selection process, nine possible lines were identified, out of which, six routes were equipped; four for sport climbing and two for classic climbing. Finally, the technical evaluation of the routes was carried out through flight tests and technical climbing calculations. The results indicated that the rock has a good structure for the implementation of the climbing routes. The analysis of the materials evidences a resistance superior to the one specified in its factory approval. The six routes had an implementation cost of $ 6,969. Also, during the final evaluation, several levels of difficulty were identified between fifth and sixth degrees and with a maximum height of twenty-two meters. The first and only route was implemented, in this rock structure, more than 40 years ago without further maintenance, so it was necessary to re-equip it during the project implementation. The climatic factors are an important component to take into account because they can generate a deterioration for the anchors of the equipped routes and a danger for those who practice the activity, so that adequate permanent maintenance is suggested. In conclusion, the climbing routes implemented on the Cachaway hill have suitable equipment and meet the safety standards to be used in the initial and middle levels of traditional and sport climbing. Two climbing exhibitions were organized to demonstrate the safety of the climbing routes; the first with the company "TRIP Deportes de Aventura" on April 27th, 2019 and the second exhibition with the Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado de Riobamba on November 16th 2019.