Diseño e implementación de un sistema de tracción eléctrica aplicado a un vehículo prototipo híbrido de tres ruedas del grupo de investigación SAPIA de la ESPOCH

Abstract

The objective of this project was the implementation of an electric traction system to a three-wheeled prototype vehicle through the analysis and selection of the elements that will reduce the human effort during the vehicle moving. A bibliographic review was made to identify the elements present in an electric traction of a vehicle, the gross vehicle weight of the prototype is 422 Kg, a required power of 11. 11 KW was determined. In addition, with this calculated power was estimated that the prototype moves at a speed of 45 km/h, in a time of 15 seconds on a road with a slope of 7.5%, and a battery of 28.53 Ah that offers an approximate range of 10 km. A QSMOTOR three-phase electric motor kit with a maximum power of 13.5 KW was implemented, which included the controller, a battery assembled with nickel metal hydride cells with a nominal voltage of 72 volts and a capacity of 29 Ah, and a transmission ratio of 1:10 was determined by means of calculations for the gears and catalytic converters. Once the components were implemented, acceleration tests were carried out to find the maximum speed and the average time. To reach it, and autonomy tests, for which speed and time data were collected using the "TORQUE PRO" application. Finally, by means of a statistical study with the collected data, it was obtained that the vehicle is able to reach a maximum speed of 40 Km/h in an average time of 17.6 seconds, and an autonomy of 8.21 kilometers was also obtained. The necessary tests were carried out to verify the correct assembly of the electric traction on various routes, in which no inconvenience was obtained. However, it is recommended to drive in a careful and responsible manner.