Efectos de la labranza convencional sobre la calidad de los suelos en la estación experimental Tunshi-Espoch.

Abstract

This investigation aimed to evaluate the effect of conventional tillage on soil quality in Tunshi-ESPOCH experimental station. For the study, 16 plots under different uses were selected and three composite samples were collected from each plot at two depths 0 to 30 cm and 30 to 60 cm. The parameters analyzed were: color, which was determined using the Munsell color chart; texture which was determined using the touch sensitivity method; structure which was determined by direct observation under a stereomicroscope at a resolution of 100x; moisture, which was determined using the oven method at 105 ºC/24 hours; porosity, which was determined by measuring the volume of liquid contained in a volume of soil; bulk density was determined using the cylinder method of known volume; pH was determined using a potentiometer; electrical conductivity was measured using a conductivity meter; organic matter was determined using the Lost-Ignition method and the organic carbon content was estimated from the percentage of organic matter. The results indicate a sandy loam texture, granular structure, a bulk density of 1.20 g/cm3 and 1.27 g/cm3. The pH was slightly alkaline 7.49 and 8.09, with low to very low levels of organic matter. Nitrogen levels were low; available phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were in the medium to high range. It was concluded that, when comparing soils under different crops and tillage systems, it was shown that the mechanical factor modifies the physical and chemical properties; that is why, it is recommended that this study should be used as a basis for making decisions in soil management.