Estudio del desgaste del motor en función del análisis de la composición del aceite lubricante

Abstract

This curricular integration work carried out the study of engine wear based on the analysis of the composition of the lubricating oil to reduce maintenance costs by characterizing its compounds before, during, and after its cycle of use. Analyzing it through laboratory tests, and subsequently inferring the wear processes experienced in the engine during the time of the use of the lubricant, as well as possible preventive actions. The analysis was carried out for the engine of the Chevrolet Spark 2009 vehicle with Kendall 20w50 lubricant, taking samples every 500 kilometers in a period of 5000 kilometers in the FluidScan equipment. Examining the congestion of additives, fluid integrity, glycol, nitration, oxidation, soot, sulfation, TBN, and water. In the DMA 35 Densimeter studying density and degrees API. In the Viscometer verifying dynamic viscosity. In Oil View Quick Check equipment observing parameters such as wear, contamination, and chemical and ferrous indices, in Espectroil equipment to study the metal concentrations of additives and wear. Registering that after taking the samples oil was completed, to compensate for the volume extracted. It was evidenced that all the analyzed parameters of the oil are within the tolerable limits except Silicon presented in very high concentrations. Therefore, it was concluded that the engine does not present excessive wear, its combustion temperature is appropriate and the fuel does not present high concentrations of lead. In addition, the greatest degradation of the oil occurs during the first 1,000 kilometers and recovery of properties in the last 1,000 km of travel, behavior due to the high mileage of oil change. It is recommended to change the lubricant at 4000 km and take extreme care in taking samples, avoiding contamination by environmental factors.