Análisis del impacto del tráfico vehicular sobre las emisiones contaminantes

Abstract

The objective of this research was to analyze where the greatest contamination of vehicles occurs, when they travel in the city or when they travel on the Highway, and to analyze what is the impact that occurs when there is greater vehicular traffic, for which gas analysis tests were carried out. on-board dynamics (real route cycle with city and highway sections) in five vehicles, where the information was collected through the use of a gas analyzer and a diagnostic device (ELM327). Once the tests were carried out, the data collected from both devices was paired and synchronized, to obtain the values of concentration of emissions and fuel consumption and later, with these values, calculate the Pollutant Emission Factors of CO, CO2, HC and NOx, using a carbon balance method, to then compare these data through statistical analysis. Giving as a result that in the tests carried out in the city there is a greater amount of CO, CO2 and HC emissions. And in the road tests there are higher NOX emissions, it was also obtained that in the tests carried out in the city there is higher fuel consumption. Unlike the road tests, where greater distances were covered with less fuel. It was concluded that the greatest amount of emissions from vehicles occurs when they travel in the city, that is, when there is greater vehicular traffic. In addition, it was concluded that the impact produced by vehicular traffic is the increase in polluting emissions, high fuel consumption, economic losses and notable losses of time, which translates as high pollution to the environment and a low level of energy efficiency. It is recommended to carry out on-board dynamic gas analysis tests on diesel vehicles to complement the information obtained.